The final two Sultans of Gujarat, Ahmad Shah III and Mahmud Shah III, were elevated to the throne during their youth, leading to the governance of the Sultanate by the nobles. The nobility, aspiring for supremacy, divided the territories among themselves but soon engaged in conflicts for dominance. One noble, seeking to consolidate his power, invited Mughal Emperor Akbar to intervene in 1572, resulting in the Mughal conquest of Gujarat by 1573, transforming it into a Mughal province.

The internal strife among Gujarat's nobles and their occasional alliances with external forces weakened the Sultanate. Invitations to Akbar provided him a pretext to intervene. Akbar's march from Fatehpur Sikri to Ahmedabad marked the beginning of the campaign, leading to the swift capitulation and realignment of local nobles to Mughal authority.

Akbar's forces, after securing Ahmedabad, pursued the remaining Gujarat nobles and Sultan Muzaffar Shah III, culminating in significant battles at locations like Sarnal. The capture of key cities and forts, including Surat, further consolidated Mughal control. Notably, Akbar's victory led to the construction of the Buland Darwaza at Fatehpur Sikri, commemorating the conquest.

Muzaffar Shah III's escape and subsequent asylum with Jam Sataji of Nawanagar sparked the Battle of Bhuchar Mori in 1591. Despite initial resistance, the Mughal victory was decisive, marking the complete annexation of Gujarat into the Mughal Empire, thereby showcasing Akbar's strategic acumen and the Mughal Empire's military might.