1247 Jan 1
Latin Empire on its last breath
İstanbul, TurkeyIn 1246, John III Vatatzes attacked Bulgaria and recovered most of Thrace and Macedonia, and proceeded to incorporate Thessalonica into his realm. By 1248, John had defeated the Bulgarians and surrounded the Latin Empire. He continued to take land from the Latins until his death in 1254. By 1247, the Nicaeans had effectively surrounded Constantinople, with only the city's strong walls holding them at bay.
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Last Updated: Tue Jan 16 2024
